| 释义 |
um·pire AHD[ŭmʹpīr'] D.J.[ˈʌmˌpaɪə]K.K.[ˈʌmˌpaɪr]n.（名词）- Sports A person appointed to rule on plays, especially in baseball.【体育运动】 裁判：尤指在棒球中被指定裁定比赛的人
- A person appointed to settle a dispute that mediators have been unable to resolve; an arbitrator.See Synonyms at judge 仲裁人：当调解人无法解决时被指定解决争议的人；仲裁人 参见 judge
v.（动词）um.pired, um.pir.ing, um.pires v.tr.（及物动词）- To act as referee for; rule or judge.为…做裁判；裁决或判决
v.intr.（不及物动词）- To be or act as a referee or an arbitrator.成为或做为一裁判或仲裁人
- Middle English (an) oumpere [(an) umpire] 中古英语 (an) oumpere [（一位）裁判]
- alteration of (a) noumpere [a mediator] (a) noumpere的变化 [一位中间人]
- from Old French nonper 源自 古法语 nonper
- non- [non-] non- [不]
- per [equal, even, paired] from Latin pār * see pair per [相等的；公平的；成对的] 源自 拉丁语 pār * 参见 pair
注释- The anguished, hostile cry "Kill the ump" could have been "kill the nump" had it not been for the linguistic process known as false splitting or juncture loss.In the case ofumpire we can almost see the process in action if we study the Middle English Dictionary entry for noumpere, the Middle English ancestor of our word. Noumpere comes from the Old French nonper, made up ofnon, "not,” and per, "equal,” as is someone who is requested to act as arbiter of a dispute between two people; that is, the arbiter is not paired with one of them.In Middle English the earliest recorded form isnoumper (about 1350). The earliest dated form without ann in the entry is owmpere ( a Middle English variant spelling),in a text composed in 1440.How then was lost can be seen if we compare the sequence a noounpier in a text written in 1426-1427 with the sequence an Oumper from a text written probably around 1475. Then of noumpere became attached to the indefinite article, giving usan instead of a and, eventually,umpire instead of .numpire. 要不是因为被称为假分裂或失去连音的语言学过程，"Kill the ump"（杀掉裁判）这样痛苦，仇恨的呐喊可能会成为"kill the nmup"。在umpire 这一例子中，如果我们研究一下 中古英语词典 中 noumpere 这一词条，即该词在中古英语中的原型，便会了解这一语言学现象的过程。 Noumpere 来自于古法语 nonper， 由non, “不”，和 per, “平等的”组成，表示一个应要求就两人之间的争议做出仲裁的人； 也就是说，不与任何一人合作的公断人。中古英语的最先记录形式是noumper （约1350年）。 词条中没有n 的最早形式是 owmpere ( 中古英语的变体拼写），出现于1440年所做的一篇文章。通过比较两个顺序可以看出n 是我们被省略的：一个是 a noounpier ，出现于写于1426年至1427年间的一篇文章；另一个是 an Oumper 摘自可能写于1475年的文章。 noumpere 中的 n 变得和不定冠词连在一起， 成为an 而非 n ， 最后就出现了umpire 而不是 ·numpire
|