| 释义 |
al·co·hol AHD[ălʹkə-hôl', -hŏl'] D.J.[ˈælkəˌhɔːl, -ˌhɒl]K.K.[ˈælkəˌhɔl, -ˌhɑl]n.（名词）- Abbr. al.,alc.A colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, C2H 5OH, synthesized or obtained by fermentation of sugars and starches and widely used, either pure or denatured, as a solvent and in drugs, cleaning solutions, explosives, and intoxicating beverages. Also called ethanol ,ethyl alcohol ,grain alcohol 缩写 al.,alc.酒精，乙醇：由糖和淀粉发酵后合成或取得并且广泛使用的一种无色、易挥发、易燃的液体，C2H 5OH，无论纯酒精或变性酒精都可作为溶剂及用于医药、净化溶解、炸药和麻醉性饮料 也作 ethanol,ethyl alcohol,grain alcohol
- Intoxicating liquor containing alcohol.酒，酒精饮料：含有酒精的能醉人的饮料
- Any of a series of hydroxyl compounds, the simplest of which are derived from saturated hydrocarbons, have the general formula CnH 2n+1OH, and include ethanol and methanol. 醇：一系列羟基化合物的任一种，其中最简单的一种可从饱合的碳氢化合物中提取，具有化学分子式CnH 2n+1OH，并且包括乙醇和甲醇
- Medieval Latin [fine metallic powder, especially of antimony] 中世纪拉丁语 [研磨精细的金属性粉末，尤指锑的粉末]
- from Arabic al-kuḥl 源自 阿拉伯语 al-kuḥl
- al [the] al [定冠词the]
- kuḥl [powder of antimony] kuḥl [锑的粉末]
注释- Theal- in alcohol may alert some readers to the fact that this is a word of Arabic descent, as is the case withalgebra and alkali—al being the Arabic definite article corresponding to the in English. The origin of-cohol is less obvious, however. Its Arabic ancestor waskuḥl, a fine powder most often made from antimony and used by women to darken their eyelids;in fact,kuḥl has given us the word kohl for such a preparation. Arabic chemists came to useal-kuḥl to mean "any fine powder produced in a number of ways, including the process of heating a substance to a gaseous state and then recooling it.” The English wordalcohol, derived through Medieval Latin from Arabic, is first recorded in 1543 in this sense. Arabic chemists also usedal-kuḥl to refer to other substances such as essences that were obtained by distillation, a sense first found for Englishalcohol in 1672. One of these distilled essences, known as "alcohol of wine,” is the constituent of fermented liquors that causes intoxication.This essence took over the termalcohol for itself, whence it has come to refer to the liquor that contains this essence as well as to a class of chemical compounds such as methanol.al- 包含于 alcohol 中的用法可能会使读者注意到这个词来源于阿拉伯语， 就如同algerbra 和 alkali--al 作为与英语中 the 相对应的阿拉伯语定冠词。 不过-cohol 的词源就不那么明显了。 它在阿拉伯语中写作kuhl， 是一种通常用锑精研而成的粉末，妇女们用它来涂黑眼睑；实际上我们由kuhl 这个词已可以得出作为备用的 kohl 一词。 阿拉伯的化学家们开始把al-kuhl 一词用来指“通过一系列方法而得到的细粉末， 这些方法包括将一种物质加热至气化状态再使之冷却的过程。”英语中的alcohol 这个词，是由该阿拉伯词汇入中世纪拉丁语之后发展而来的，用作这个意义的记录最早出现于1543年。 阿拉伯化学家也用al-kuhl 这个词指如通过蒸馏而得到的精华的其它物质， 英语词汇alcohol 的这一含义最早出现于1672年。 其中有一种被称为“酒精”的蒸馏产物是可以醉人的发酵液体的组成部分。alchohol 成了专指这一物质的词汇， 从此以后它也指包含该物质的液体及甲醇等化合物
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