| 释义 |
a·fraid AHD[ə-frādʹ] D.J.[əˈfreɪd]K.K.[əˈfred]adj.（形容词）- Filled with fear:恐惧的，害怕的：充满恐惧的：afraid of ghosts; afraid to die; afraid for his life.害怕鬼；怕死；担心他的生命
- Having feelings of aversion or unwillingness in regard to something:不情愿的，嫌弃的：对事情反感的或不情愿的：not afraid of hard work; afraid to show emotion.不怕艰苦的工作；不愿意显露感情
- Filled with regret or concern. Used especially to soften an unpleasant statement:恐怕：后悔的或遗憾的。尤指用于婉转地陈述令人不快的言语：I'm afraid you're wrong.恐怕你错了
- Middle English affraied [past participle of] affraien [to frighten] 中古英语 affraied affraien的过去分词 [恐吓]
- from Old French esfraier, esfreer [to disturb] 源自 古法语 esfraier, esfreer [打扰]
- [of Germanic origin] * see prī- [日耳曼语源的] * 参见 prī-
afraid, apprehensive, fearful- The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "filled with fear": 这些形容词所共有的中心意思为“充满恐惧的”： afraid of snakes;害怕蛇；feeling apprehensive before surgery;手术前忐忑不安；fearful of criticism. unafraid 担心批评 unafraid
注释- The notion of removal from a state of peace happens to be the basis for constructing.exfredāre, literally "to remove from peace,” the Vulgar Latin ancestor of our wordafraid. This Vulgar Latin word is made up of the Latin prefixex-, "out of,” and a Vulgar Latin verb of the form .fridāre or .fretāre, which came from Germanic.frithuz, "peace.” The Old French wordesfraier, "to disturb,” which subsequently developed from .exfredāre, came into Middle English asaffraien, a verb whose earliest recorded sense, found in a text composed possibly around 1300, is "to frighten, disturb.” Affray, the descendant of affraien, is little used in contemporary writing and speech, but the same cannot be said of the descendant of the past participle ofaffraien, our adjective afraid. 离开平静的状态，这个概念恰好是exfredare 一词的构词基础。 这个词字面意思为“离开平静”，是afraid 一词的俗拉丁语始祖。 这个俗拉丁语词汇由意为“离开”的拉丁语前缀ex- 和俗拉丁语动词形式的 fridare 或 fretare 组成， 这一俗拉丁语动词形式又源自日耳曼语frithuz, 意为“平静”。 古法语单词esfraier, 意为“打扰”是随后从 exfredare 发展而来的， 其以affraien 的动词形式传入中古英语，这个词最早的有记载的意义为“吓唬，打扰”，见载于约1300年的一篇文章中。 Affray 为 affraien 的派生词，其很少在当代文章以及口语中使用， 但这不等于说明affraien 的过去分词的派生词，现在的形容词 afraid 也很少使用
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