| 释义 |
Phil·is·tine AHD[fĭlʹĭ-stēn', fĭ-lĭsʹtĭn, -tēn'] D.J.[ˈfɪlɪˌstiːn, fɪˈlɪstɪn, -ˌtiːn]K.K.[ˈfɪlɪˌstin, fɪˈlɪstɪn, -ˌtin]n.（名词）- A member of an Aegean people who settled ancient Philistia around the 12th centuryb.c. 非利士人：约公元前 12世纪居住在非利士地古城的爱琴海民族的一支
- A smug, ignorant, especially middle-class person who is regarded as being indifferent or antagonistic to artistic and cultural values.平庸的人：一个自以为是、愚昧无知的人，尤指被认为不懂艺术和文学的中产阶段的人们
- One who lacks knowledge in a specific area.门外汉：缺乏某一特定领域知识的人，某科知识的门外汉
adj.（形容词）- Of or relating to ancient Philistia.非利士人的：属于或关于非利士人的
- Often philistine Boorish; barbarous: 常作 philistine 庸俗人的：乡巴佬的；野蛮的，粗野的："our plastic, violent culture, with its philistine tastes and hunger for novelty"(Lloyd Rose)“我们易受影响的扭曲的文化，趣味低级而且缺乏新颖性”(劳埃德·罗斯)
- From Middle English Philistines [Philistines] 源自 中古英语 Philistines [非利士人]
- from Late Latin Philistīnī 源自 后期拉丁语 Philistīnī
- from Greek Philistinoi 源自 希腊语 Philistinoi
- from Hebrew Pĕlištîm 源自 希伯来语 Pĕlištîm
- from Pĕlešet [Philistia] 源自 皮尔 [非利士地]
注释- It has never been good to be a Philistine.Samson, Saul, and David in the Bible helped bring the Philistines into prominence because they were such prominent opponents.Even though the Philistines have long since disappeared,their name has lived on in the Old Testament.The English name for them,Philistines, which goes back through Late Latin and Greek to Hebrew, is first found in Middle English,wherePhilistiens, the ancestor of our word, is recorded in a work composed before 1325. Beginning in the 17th centuryphilistine was used as a common noun usually in the plural to refer to various groups considered the enemy,such as literary critics.In Germany in the same centuryit is said that in a memorial at Jena for a student who had been killed in a town-gown quarrel,the minister preached a sermon from the text "Philister über dir Simson! [The Philistines be upon thee, Samson!],”the words of Delilah to Samson after she attempted to render him powerless before his Philistine enemies.From this usage it is said that German students came to usePhilister, the German equivalent of Philistine, to denote nonstudents and hence uncultured or materialistic people.Both usages were picked up in English in the early 19th century.做非利士人从来没有好处。《圣经》中的参孙、索尔和大卫使非利士人出名是因为他们是很优秀的对手。尽管非利士人已消失很久了，他们的名字却仍存在于《旧约》当中。他们的英文名称Philistines 可由晚期拉丁语和希腊语追溯到希伯来语， 是在中世纪英语中首先发现的，其中我们所用词的前身Philistines 记载在一部1325年前的著作中。 17世纪以来，Philistine 被用作普通名词并且常以复数形式出现， 意指被认为是敌人的各种团体，如文学批评家。在同一世纪的德国，据说在耶拿举行的纪念一名在市民和大学生争执中被杀的学生的纪念会上，牧师从“［非利士人比你强，参孙!］”中选取了一段做布道，就是迪莱勒在试图使参孙在他的非利士手面前变得软弱无力后说的那些话。这段话的用法中可见德国学生开始使用philister 作为 philistine 的德语替代语， 意指不是学生因此也就是没有文化以及不务实的人。这两种用法在19世纪早期的英语中均能找到
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