| 释义 |
mar·shal AHD[märʹshəl] D.J.[ˈmɑːʃəl]K.K.[ˈmɑrʃəl]n.（名词）- A military officer of the highest rank in some countries.元帅，最高指挥官：某些国家最高军衔的军队官员
- A field marshal.陆军元帅
- A U.S. federal officer of a judicial district who carries out court orders and discharges duties similar to those of a sheriff.联邦司法区执政官：美国司法区的联邦官员，负责实施法庭命令和征收税金，类似行政司法长官
- A city law enforcement officer in the United States who carries out court orders.市司法官：美国市法律执行官员，负责实施法庭命令
- The head, especially of a fire department in the United States.消防队长：美国消防部门的领导
- A fire marshal.消防局局长
- A person in charge of a parade or ceremony.司仪者，司礼官：负责游行或典礼的人
- A high official in a royal court, especially one aiding the sovereign in military affairs.王室最高军务官：王室的高阶官员，尤指帮助君主处理军事事务的人
v.（动词）mar.shaled 也作 mar.shalled mar.shal.ing marshal.ling mar.shals mar.shals v.tr.（及物动词）- To arrange or place (troops, for example) in line for a parade, maneuver, or review.排列，安排：为游行、演习或阅兵而按队列安排或放置（如部队）
- To arrange, place, or set in methodical order:整理，列举：按系统的规则安排、放置或设置：marshal facts in preparation for an exam.See Synonyms at arrange 为准备考试而列举实例 参见 arrange
- To enlist and organize:参与，组织：trying to marshal public support.试图获取公众的支持
- To guide ceremoniously; conduct or usher.正式地引领；指导或引导
v.intr.（不及物动词）- To take up positions in or as if in a military formation.编队，编制：按照军队的编制或似按军队的编制排列位置
- To take form or order:排列成形，排序：facts marshaling as research progressed.随着研究工作的不断进展而不断出现的问题
- Middle English 中古英语
- from Old French mareschal 源自 古法语 mareschal
- [of Germanic origin] [源于日耳曼语的]
marʹshalcy 或 marʹshalship' n.（名词）注释- Hard-riding marshals of the Wild West in pursuit of criminalsreemphasize the relationship of the wordmarshal with horses. The Germanic ancestor of our wordmarshal is a compound made up of .marhaz, "horse" (related to the source of our word mare ), and .skalkaz, "servant,” meaning as a whole literally "horse servant,”hence "groom.”The Frankish descendant of this Germanic word,.marahskalk, starting from these humble beginnings, came to designate a high royal official and also a high military commander, not surprisingly so, given the importance of the horse in medieval warfare.The word passed into the period (beginning in 800) in which we speak of Old French, after the Franks and their Germanic language had been fused with the surrounding culture descended from Roman Gaul.When the Normans established a French-speaking official class in England,the Old French word came with them.The Middle English source of our word is first recorded as a surname in 1218 (and the surname Marshal, now spelled Marshall, has been held by some famous people),but it is first recorded as a common noun with the sense "high officer of the royal court" in the first English language proclamation (1258) by an English king, Henry III, after the Norman Conquest.Marshal was applied to this high royal official's deputies, who were officers of courts of law,and the word continued to designate various officials involved with courts of law and law enforcement,including the horseback-riding marshals we are familiar with in the United States.西部荒野骑着马对罪犯紧追不舍的警长形象，再次强调了marshal 这个词与马之间的联系。 我们这个单词marshal 的日耳曼语原形是一个由 marhaz “马”（与 mare 的语源相关）和 skalkaz “仆人，佣人”组成的合成词， 字面意思是“马的仆人”，也就是后来的“马夫”。这个日耳曼词的法兰克语的演变marahskalk 从最初卑微的含义演变到特指高级王室官员及高级军事将领， 不仅如此，在中世纪的战场上马也被提升到了重要地位。在法兰克人和他们所说的日耳曼语一起融入周围的罗马高卢人文化之后，这个词进入了我们讲古法语的时代（开始于800年）。当诺曼底人在英格兰建立了一个讲法语的官员阶层之后，古法语里的这个词便随之而来。该词在中世纪英语中最早于1218年作为一个姓氏被记录下来（一些著名人士的姓马歇尔，现在的拼写法为Marshall)，但作为指“王室的高级官员”的普通名词，它最早出现于英国王亨利三世在诺曼征服之后做的一篇英文公告(1258年）。在此文中Marshal 用于指高级王室官员的代表， 也就是司法官员。该词涉及法律和法律实施的不同官员的含义延续了下来，其中就包括我们所熟悉的美国西部骑在马背上的警长
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